| Age (Mean + SD) |
20.0 + 1.9 (60) |
20.1 + 1.6 (155) |
.95b |
| Female |
63.3% (60) |
68.4% (155) |
.59 |
| Smartphone ownership |
79.3% (58) |
79.9% (154) |
.93 |
| I bring my cell phone everywhere I go.a |
98.3% (60) |
91.6% (155) |
.14 |
| If I forgot my cell phone, I feel stressed or anxious.a |
59.3% (59) |
56.2% (153) |
.80 |
| If my cell phone dies, I feel anxious.a |
57.6% (59) |
52.6% (154) |
.61 |
| I check it in a setting where use is discouraged.a |
56.7% (60) |
47.7% (155) |
.31 |
| My phone is one of my most important possessions.a |
52.5% (59) |
50.6% (154) |
.93 |
| I miss things going on around me because of phone.a |
50.0% (60) |
36.2% (152) |
.09 |
| At times I talk on the phone while driving.a |
70.0% (60) |
76.1% (155) |
.45 |
| At times I text while driving.a |
43.1% (58) |
40.3% (153) |
.86 |
| I sleep with my cell phone within reach.a |
88.3% (60) |
84.4% (154) |
.61 |
| I view my cell phone as a necessary expense.a |
64.4% (59) |
68.8% (154) |
.65 |
| I usually keep my cell phone on my person.a |
86.4% (59) |
88.9% (153) |
.80 |
| I feel socially isolated without my cell phone.a |
31.7% (60) |
31.4% (153) |
1.00 |
| I believe there may be negative social side effects.a |
81.7% (60) |
86.4% (154) |
.51 |